Headstock and spindle



March 20; 1951 J. JiPESQUEIRA ET AL HEADSTOCK AND SPINDLE INVENTORSJuvenzzno J Pes uelra Faber! urzweil March 20, 1951 J,YJ, PESQUEIRA ETAL 2,545,858

HEADSTOCK AND SPINDLE' Filed Nov. 15, 1945 w 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 777aINVENTORS :9 Jan en o J Pesquei z nd bert KurzW ATTORNEY Patented Mar.20, 1951 HEADSTOCK AND SPINDLE Juvcntino Jose Pesqueira and RobertKurzweil, New York, N. Y., assignors to Morey Machinery 00., Inc., NewYork, N. Y.,-a corporation of New York Application November 13, 1945,Serial No. 627,984"

12 Claims.

This invention relates to lathes. It is particularly directed to animproved means on a lathe for driving a workpiece, such as a railroadaxle or the like articles.

An object of this invention is to provide in a lathe of the characterdescribed, a headstock including a spindle, and improved means on thespindle to engage one end of a work piece for driving the same, andincluding drive spurs engaging said work piece.

A further object of this invention is to provide in a lathe of thecharacter described, comprising a headstock spindle which is rotatablybut nonslidably mounted, and including drive buttons or spurs to engageone end of the" work piece, and a longitudinally movable and rotatabletailstock spindle, including a friction ram to engage the opposite endof the work piece, and means to longitudinally move the spindle intoengagement with said work piece to' impose athrust thereon co-axial ofthe axle.

Still another object of this invention is to pro vide spring pressedlive centers on both the'headstock spindle and tailstock spindle toengage center openings at opposite ends of the workpiece whereby tolocate said work piece.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide in a lathe of thecharacter described a driving button having one or more parallel teethor serrations, said teeth having inclined surfaces at 90 to one another,the leading surface of each tooth being disposed at a 60 angle to theadjacent surface of the work piece, and the following surface of saidtooth being disposed at 30 to said work piece surface.-

Still a further object of this invention is to provide in a lathe of thecharacterdescribed, a headstock, a spindle rotatably mounted in theheadstock by means of bearings, and means including a thrust bearing totake up an axial'thrust iniposed on the spindle.

Yet another object of this invention is to pro-'- vide a strong anddurable lathe construction of the character described, which shall berelatively inexpensive to manufacture, and yet practical and eificientto a high degree in use.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in parthereinafter pointed out.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combinations of elements, and arrangements of parts which will beexemplified in the construction hereinafter described, and of which thescope of applicationwill be indicated in the following claims.

' I In the accompanying drawing, in which is of the work piece showingthe indentation formed therein;

. "Fig. '7 is a side elevational view of one'en'd of the spindle drive;

Fig. 8 is a front end view of the spindle drive;

Fig. 9 is a view similarto Fig. 8, but illustrating a modified form ofspur drive or driving button; and

Fig. 10 is a side elevational view of one of the buttons shown in Fig.9.

Referring now in detail to the drawing, I0 designates a lathe embodyingthe invention. lhe lathe shown in Fig. l is described more fully inco-pendihg applicatio-n'of J uventino J. Pesqueira for Lathes, filed oneven date herewith, Serial No. 627,985, and now Patent No. 2,494,196,granted January" 10, 1950.

'Said lathe is for turning a work piece I I, such as a railroad caraxle, or the like article. Said lathe comprises generally of a base orframe I2, a headstock I3, and a tailstock I4.

The'headstock I3 comprises a headstock casing I5 on which is mounted ahorizontal hollow spindle Ifi supported on the rear roller bearing I!and a front roller bearing I8. The spindle I6 is formed at its front endwith an annular outwardly extending flange I9 and with a centercounterbore 20. The rear roller bearing I"! is located in the rear wall2! of the headstock casing, whereas the roller bearing I8 is locatedwithin the front wall 22 of said casing. Fixed to the spindle is agear23 located within the headstock casing. The spindle I (i is formed witha reduced rear end portion 24 provided with a take-up nut 25 at its rearend. On the reduced end portion '24 of the spindle is a collar 26.Interposed between the collar 26 and the rear wall 2| is a. thrustroller bearing 21. Interposed between the collar 26 and gear 23 is athrust sleeve 23 disposed about the spindle I5. Sleeve 26 is keyed togear 23 by a key 30. It will now be understood that'thrust on thespindleto the left, lookin at Fig 3, will be taken up by the thrust bearing 21.

Gear 23 meshes with a gear 3| on the shaft 32 journalled in theheadstock casing. On shaft 32 is a gear 33 meshing with a gear 34 on ashaft 35, likewise journalled in the headstock casing. The shafts 32 and35 are parallel to the spindle. The shaft 35 may be driven in anysuitable manner by means of a drive belt 36. Attached to the front wall22 of the headstock casing is a plate 46 to enclose the roller bearingI8.

Mounted on the front end of the spindle is a nose 4|. Nose 4| is formedwith a sleeve portion 42 disposed within opening 20. It is formed withan outwardly extending flange 43, attached by screws 44 to flange I9.

Screwed within the rear end of sleeve 42 is a nut 44a. At the forwardend of the nose 4| is a head 45 provided with a plurality of annularlyarranged spaced openings 46 extending to the front end of said head.Within each opening 46 is a hardened pin 47. Said nose 4| is formed atits forward end with a through opening 48 in which is inserted a linecenter 49. Interposed between the center 49 and the nut 44a is a coilcompression spring 50. Center 49 is adapted to engage a center hole inone end of the axle The head 45 is formed internally with an annularrecess 54, receiving a bushing 55, extending forwardly beyond said head.

Contacting the nose 4| is a ram ring 56 surrounding the center 49. Thering 55 is formed with a plurality of annularly spaced through openings51 in each of which is a spur or depressing button 60. Each spur orbutton 65 contacts one of the hardened pins 41'. The buttons 60 areadapted to dig into one end of the axle.

It will now be understood that when the spindle is driven the axle willbe rotated due to engagement of the spurs 60 with said axle. The center49 is spring loaded and pressed into the center opening of the axle.

Tailstock I4 comprises a cylindrical housing I5 open at opposite ends.Attached to the rear end of housing 15, is a cover I8 formed with a pairof passages I9 and 80. Slidably mounted in the housing I5 is a quill 8|formed with an intermediate transverse wall 82 and with cylindricalwalls 83 and 84 extending in opposite directions relative to saidtransverse wall. Attached to the rear end of the cylindrical wall 83 isa cap or head 85 formed with a central through opening 86. Fixed to thehead or cover 18 is a central, forwardly extending shaft or piston rod81. Attached to the forward end of shaft 87 is a piston 88 on which thecylinder 83 is slidable. Shaft 8! passes through said central opening 86in the head 85. Said shaft is formed with a longitudinal passage 90communicating with opening 19 and terminating in an opening 9| whichleads to the interior of cylinder 83, and between piston 88 and cap 85.Said shaft 81 is formed with another longitudinal through passage 93communicating with opening 80 and leading to the rear end of said shaftthereby communicating with the interior of cylinder 83 between piston 88and partitions 82.

It will now be understood that when hydraulic medium is fed underpressure to passage 19, quill 8| will be retracted or moved to theright, looking at Fig. 2 of the drawing. When the hydraulic medium isfed to opening 80 under pressure, quill 8| will move forwardly to theleft, looking at Fig. 2 of the drawing.

Within cylinder 84 are spaced ball bearings 95 and 96 separated by aspacing sleeve 91. Rotatably and non slidably mounted in the bearing is4 a tailstock spindle I00. The spindle I00 passes through the sleeve 91.Said spindle I00 is in the form of a tube or sleeve. Screwed into therear end thereof is a nut IOI. Rotatably mounted in the forward end ofsaid spindle is a center I52. Interposed between nut |0| and center I02,is a coil compression spring I53. The compression spring'I03 presses thecenter I02 into the center opening of the axle or work piece II. SpindleI00 is formedwith an annular counterbored groove receiving a bushing 30aserving as a bearing for center I 02. Attached to the forward end of thespindle I 00 is a ram I04 adapted to frictionally contact the adjacentend of the axle. It will'nowbe understood that while the headstockspindle rotates the axle, the tailstock spindle I00 will rotate with theaxle. Attached to the forward end of cylinder 84 is a ring I06surrounding the spindle |00. It will now also be understood that whenoil is fed through opening 80, cylinder 8| will move to the left tocause the ram I 04 to move into contact with the axle. The ram I04 isattached to tailstock spindle I00 by means of screws I04a, or likefastening means, and is provided at its front edge with surfaces I041)for frictionally gripping the axle.

Means is provided for turning the axle automatically and symmetricallyon both sides of a median line through the axle. The arrangement is suchthat the axle is turned from the outer ends inwardly. To this end thereis provided a pair of similar, symmetrically disposed tool holders III).The tool holders are similar and sym metrically disposed to one another.

The operation of the tool holders is described in detail in saidco-pending application. Stated briefly, the tool holders H5 are slidablymounted on the bed of the lathe and are provided with aprons I25. On thelathe are a pair of guides I36 slidably supporting a slide I40, disposedbetween the aprons l25. On the slide are oppositely disposed hydrauliccylinders |4| connected together by a common wall I42. In the cylindersare pistons connected to the tool holders by means of piston rods I46.The slide I40 is connected by a horizontal link I63 to arm I64 fixed onshaft I65. Fixed to said shaft is an arm I68 connected by link I'IIa toa pin I'II on the cylinder 8|. Arm I68 is twice the height of arm I64.Movement of cylinder 8| is accompanied by movement of slide I40 half thelength of movement of the slide.

The drive spurs or buttons 50 have inclined faces 60a and 60b and astraight ridge 600. The ridges 600 are radial, relative to the spindleaxis. There are four buttons spaced apart shown in the drawing, althoughthe number and placement may be varied. The driving buttons may becylindrical or made of round stock. The surface 60a makes an angle of 60with the adjacent face I Ia of the axle II, whereas the surface 60bmakes a 30 angle with said axle face. The surfaces 60a are at theleading sides of the buttons. Thus looking at Fig. 8, the spindlerotates in a counterclockwise direction and the faces 60a are at theleading side of the ridges. It has been found that with suchconstruction, the axle will be firmly gripped and driven. The buttonswill produce indentations I II) in the face I Ia as thrust is applied bythe tailstock hydraulically.

In Figs. 9 and 10 there is shown a modified form of button I I0. Eachbutton 0 is provided with a plurality of parallel ridges III. The middleridge of each button is radial relative to the spindle axis. Each ridgeIII has an inclined iacegl lia:and.zl lillb. 'ffllhe races c-i Harare aanan'gle ch60 to;theadiacentizfacesI la oithe axle. .I'Ilhe surfaces .1llzb make an angle iQf 30 .witnsurf-acos l labfsaidaxle. illheinclinedfaces :l'rl:l:a :area-t the 'leadingzsidesio'fithezridges. IzSEhB ridgesljl :aremuch smallcrthan'zthe ridges on rthe button-b0 "and ;thereforemake smaller indentations .or scratchesinrtheface .9f :the axle.

it will thus be seen :that :there is provided a device-in which the:severalnblects of this invention areachievedram which iswellzadapted to:meet the conditions of v ractical 31156.

As various possible -;embodiments 'imight be made -;of the above:inventiqn, and as various changes might be made :in the embodimentsabove 1 set; forth, it is :to be :understood that :all matter. hereinset forthpnshofvvn the accompanying drawing is to berinterpreted-zasrillustrative. and not ingawlimi ine-sense.

Having thus described ourinvention, We claim ,as new randdesire-tosecure by Letters Patent: 1

1. Ina lathe, a headstock comprising-aheadstock easing having front "andrearwal-ls, apair .ofaligned bearings within said walls; a, spindlerotatably mounted within said bearings, :adrive gear fixed tosaidspindleand disposed Within said casing, a thrustbear-ing'disposed about saidspindle and located atthe inside of the-rear wall of said-casin :asleeve surrounding saidspind-le and interposed between said gear andthrust bearing, said .spind-le being formed :at its for- Wandend withzawsocket and with ,an -:outwardly ext n ing .flangerlasn sepiece at thefront end of,rtheaspindletcomprising a fl ange..-contactin the flangefithe spindle, and asleeve projecting into said socket, means toattach.said nose piece to said spindle, a spring -w-ithin-.-said sleeve, and acenter within the forward end :ofsaid :nose piece adapted to pressagainst said spring.

2. In a headstock, aspind-le, -a nose wplece on the, spindle, -a springpressed center on saidqnose piece, said nose piece being formed with-:aplurality of spaced openings: surrounding said center, a,hardenedplnwithin-each of said openings,

a ring on said nose piece, and a plurality of drive r buttons carried bysaid ring-land aligned with said ins, .eachof said buttons having ,aradial ridge, and inclined surfaces at oppositesides of the ridge.

3. In aheadstock, a spindle, a nose piece on stock casing having front.andrear walls, a pair of aligned bearings within said walls, a spindlerotatably mounted within said bearings, a drive gearfixedztosaid spindle"and disposed within said casing, a thrust bearing disposed about saidspindle and located at the inside of the rear wall of said casing, asleeve surrounding said spindle and interposed between said gear andthrust bearing, said spindle being formed at its forward end with asocket and with an outwardly extending flange, a nose piece at the frontend of the spindle comprising .asiiangeeontacting :the flange of thespindle, and .a ,sleeverproj'ecting into said socke't,.:means toiattachsaid nose pieceto said spindle, .arspring'w-ithin. said sleeve,and a com ter Within theiforwardrendof said nose piece adapted to :pressagainstisaid spring, said nose piece being formed with a plurality :ofspaced openings surrounding said center, .a,,hardened pin within ,eachofzsaid openings, airing attached to said nose piece "and-a pluralityof: drive :buttons carried byz-saidiring and aligned with said pins.

.5. In a lathepa headstockcomprising:aiheadstock casing having front.and rear walls, apair of aligned bearings withinisaiid walls,.a-Lspindle rotatably mounted "within-said *bear-ingsxa drive gear fixedto-said spindle and :disposed within said casing, a thrust bearingdisposed; about said spindle and located at the inside of :the .rearwall of said casing, asleeve surrouy-ndingrtsaid spindle and interposedbetween said gear :and thrust bearing, said spindle being formed:atitsforward end with :asocket and with an outwardly extending flange,a nose piece at the'ifrontzend of the spindle comprising :a flangecontacting theiflange of thespi-nd-le, and a sleeve projecting into-saidsocket, means to attach said nose :piiece to "said spindle, a springwith-in said-sleeve, and a. center within the forward end of said nosepiece adapted to press againstzsaidzspring;said'nose piece being formedwith :a plurality offispaced openings surrounding said center, :a'rhardcned pin withineach of saidopemne a ms attached to saidnose pieceand a plurality of driveibuttons carried by said ring and aligned-with:said pins, said buttons being removable iromssa'id ring and means-to'.securesaidbuttonsnn :said ring.

6. .I-n'a lathe, a headstock comprising-ahead stock casing having frontandrear-walls'iapair of aligned bearings within-said Waugh-spindlerotatablymounted within said bearings, a drive gear fixed to saidspindle and =-d-isposed"-w-ithin said casing, a thrust bearing disposedabout said spindle and located at the inside o'f'the-rear wall of. :saidcasingpa sleeve surroundingtsaidspindle and interposed between said gearand thrust bearing, said spindle being formedratits forward end with .asocket and with an outwardly extend-- ing flange, a nose piecelatthefront -end=of "the spindle comprising a flange -,contacting"the flangeof the spindle, and a sleeve proiectingi-nto said socket, means toattach said nose-piece tosaid spindle, a'spring within said sleeve; anda center within the forwardend of said :nose piecevadapted to pressagainst said spring, said nose piece -being formedw-ith a plurality ofspaced openings surrounding said center, a hardened pin within each ofsaid openings, a ring attached to saidnose piece and a plurality ofdrive but-tonscarried "by said ring and aligned with said pinsrsaidbuttons being removable from. said ring and :means :to secure saidbuttons on said ring, "each of said buttons having -a radial-ridge,aand1inclined surfaces at' opposite sides of the-ridge.

f7 ,In a lathe, -a headstock comprisingxa headstock casing having frontand rear walls,.;awpair ofaligned bearings within said :walls, "acpindlerotatably mounted within said bearings, a drive gear fixed to saidspindle and disposed within said casing, a thrust bearing disposed aboutsaid spindle and located at the inside of the rear Wall of said casing,a sleeve surrounding said spindle and interposed between said gear andthrust bearing, said spindle being formed at its forward end with asocket and with an outwardly extending flange, a nose piece at the frontend of the spindle comprising a flange contacting the flange of thespindle, and a sleeve projecting into said socket, means to attach saidnose piece to said spindle, a spring within said sleeve, and a centerwithin the forward end of said nose piece adapted to press against saidspring, said nose piece being formed with a plurality of spaced openingssurrounding said center, a hardened pin within each of said openings, aring attached to said nose piece and a plurality of drive buttonscarried by said ring and aligned with said pins, said buttons beingremovable from said ring and means to secure said buttons on said ring,each of said buttons having a radial ridge, and inclined surfaces atopposite sides of the ridge, a leading inclined face on each ridgemaking an angle of substantially 60 degrees with the adjacent face on awork piece, and the opposite face of said ridge making an angle ofsubstantially 30 degrees with said face of said work piece.

8. In a lathe, a headstock comprising a headstock casing having frontand rear walls, a pair of aligned bearings within said walls, a spindlerotatably mounted within said bearings, a drive gear fixed to saidspindle and disposed within said casing, a thrust bearing disposed aboutsaid spindle and located at the inside of the rear wall of said casing,a sleeve surrounding said spindle and interposed between said gear andthrust bearing, said spindle being formed at its forward end with asocket and with an outwardly extending fiange, a nose piece at the frontend of the spindle comprising a flange contacting the flange of thespindle, and a sleeve projecting into said socket, means to attach saidnose piece to said spindle, a spring within said sleeve, and a centerwithin the forward end of said nose piece adapted to press against saidspring, a ring fixed to said nose piece and surrounding said center, anda plurality of drive buttons carried by said ring and projectingtherefrom.

9. In a lathe, a headstock, a spindle in the headstock, driving means onthe spindle adapted to engage one end of a work piece, said drivingmeans on the headstock spindle including driving buttons having ridgesadapted to engage one end of the work piece, said buttons havinginclined surfaces on opposite sides of the ridges, the surfaces on theleading side making a greater angle with the adjacent surface of thework piece than the surface on the opposite side of said ridge.

10. In a headstock for a lathe, the combination, with a spindlerotatably mounted in the headstock, of a nose piece on the spindlehaving a plurality of openings extending into the nose piece from theouter end thereof in substantial parallelism to the longitudinal axis ofsaid spindle and equidistantly spaced apart; a spring pressed center onsaid nose piece; a plurality of hardened pins extending individuallyinto said openings; a ring on said nose piece; a plurality of drivebuttons independently carried by said ring and individually aligned withsaid hardened pins; and an integral radial ridge on each of said guidebuttons.

11. In a headstock for a lathe, the combination,

with a spindle rotatably mounted in the headstock, of a nose piece onthe spindle having a plurality of openings extending into the nose piecefrom the outer end thereof in substantial parallelism to thelongitudinal axis of said spindle and equidistantly spaced apart; aspring pressed center on said nose piece; a plurality of hardened pinsextending individually into said openings; a ring on said nose piece; aplurality of drive buttons independently carried by said ring andindividually aligned with said hardened pins; an integral radial ridgeon each of said guide buttons; and a pair of inclined sides on eachradial ridge, the leading inclined side of each pair on each ridge beingdisposed at a much greater angle to the respectively adjacent end orsurface of a work piece mounted on said center than the angle of thetrailing side of each pair.

12. In a lathe, the combination with a headstock casing having front andrear walls, of a pair of aligned first and second bearing meansrespectively supported in said front and rear walls, the second bearingmeans in the rear wall having a smaller diameter than that of the firstbearing means in the front wall; an elongated spindle extending into theheadstock casing with the front end thereof rotatably mounted in thefirst bearing means and having a reduced rear end rotatably mounted inthe smaller second bearing means; a drive gear fixed on said spindleadjacent to said first bearing means and said front wall and at apredetermined distance from said rear Wall; thrust bearing meansdisposed about the reduced rear end of said spindle within said rearwall and taking up the thrust on said spindle; a collar disposed aboutsaid reduced end of said spindle within said thrust bearing means andaxially retaining the latter bearing means in place; and an elongatedsleeve mounted on said spindle and extending from said drive gear tosaid collar for retaining the latter in place on said spindle.

JUVENTINO JOSE PESQUEIRA. ROBERT KURZWEIL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 379,307 Codling Mar. 13, 18881,142,730 Rockwell June 8, 1915 1,285,350 Palmgren Nov. 19, 19181,361,120 Weatherby Dec. 7, 1920 1,424,754 Cullen Aug. 8, 1922 1,582,639Cullen Apr. 27, 1926 1,670,109 Floeter May 15, 1928 1,834,831 DrummondDec. 1, 1931 1,912,987 Lovely June 6, 1933 1,946,429 Smith Feb. 6, 19342,117,960 Indge May 17, 1938 2,333,055 Terrell Oct. 26, 1943 2,401,072Himoff May 28,1946

FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 109,010 Great Britain Aug. 30, 1917

